The New England Journal of Medicine (Volume 363, August 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles include:

• “Suicide-Related Events in Patients Treated with Antiepileptic Drugs” by A. Arana, C. E. Wentworth, J. L. Ayuso-Mateos, and F. M. Arellano, 542-551.

The American Journal of Bioethics (Volume 10, Issue 8, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles include:

• “Patient Willingness to be Seen by Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, and Residents in the Emergency Department: Does the Presumption of Assent Have an Empirical Basis?” by Gregory L. Larkin and Roderick S. Hooker, 1-10.
• “Striking the Right Balance in Research Ethics and Regulation” by Franklin G. Miller, 65.

Journal of Applied Philosophy (Volume 27, Issue 3, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles include:

• “Emergency Contraception and Conscientious Objection” by J. Paul Kelleher, 290-304.

• “A Puzzle about Consent in Research and in Practice” by Eric Chwang, 258-272.

During the Nuremberg trials, convened at the end of World War II, lawyers for the German defendants, politicians accused of crimes against humanity, and physicians accused of euthanasia and barbaric medical experimentation offered the rationale of “kriegsraison” to exculpate their clients. The defence argument was that in conditions of all out war, those prosecuting the war can and must do whatever it takes to win. The Nuremberg tribunals summarily rejected kriegsraison as a defence. (The Lancet)

Bioethics (Volume 24, Issue 7, September 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “Reproductive Tourism and the Quest for Global Gender Justice” by Anne Donchin, 323-332.
• “Care Ethics and the Global Practice of Commercial Surrogacy” by Jennifer A. Parks, 333–340.
• “Revisiting Child-Based Objections to Commercial Surrogacy” by Jason K.M. Hanna, 341-347.
• “Surrogacy: Donor Conception Regulation in Japan” by Yukari Semba, Chiungfang Chang, Hyunsoo Hong, Ayako Kamisato, Minori Kokado, and Kaori Muto, 348-357.
• “The Ethics of Intercountry Adoption: Why It Matters To Healthcare Providers and Bioethicists” by Sarah Jones, 358-364.
• “The Limits of Intimate Citizenship: Reproduction of Difference in Flemish-Ethiopian ‘Adoption Cultures’” by Katrien De Graeve, 265-372.

The Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics (Volume 38, Issue 2, Summer 2010) is now available by subscription only.

“Embryo Stem Cell Research:  Ten Years of Controversy” by John A. Robertson, 191-203.

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics (Volume 19, Issue 4, October 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles include:

• “Should Empathic Development Be a Priority in Biomedical Ethics Teaching?  A Critical Perspective” by Bruce Maxwell and Eric Racine, 433-445.
• “Teaching Military Medical Ethics: Another Look at Dual Loyalty and Triage” by Michael L. Gross, 458-464.
• “The Unique Nature of Clinical Ethics in Allied Health Pediatrics: Implications for Ethics Education” by Clare Delany and Merle Spriggs and Craig L. Fry and Lynn Gillam, 471-480.
• “What Health Science Student Learn from Playing a Standardized Patient in an Ethics Course” by Amy Haddad, 481-487.
• “Medical Student Attitudes about Bioethics” by Cheryl C. MacPherson and Robert M. Veatch, 488-496.
• “Rual Heathcare Ethics: No Longer the Forgotten Quarter” by William Nelson and Mary Ann Greene and Alan West, 510-517.
• “The Humanities and the Future of Bioethics Education” by Joseph J. Fins, 518-521.

The Journal of World Intellectual Property (Volume 13, Issue 4, July 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Relevant articles include:

• “Patent Policy for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research in Taiwan” by Jerry I.-H. Hsiao, 540-555.

Concern has been growing in the academic literature and popular media about the licensing, introduction and adoption of surgical devices before full effectiveness and safety evidence is available to inform clinical practice. Our research will seek empirical survey evidence about the roles, responsibilities, and information and policy needs of the key stakeholders in the introduction into clinical practice of new surgical devices for pelvic floor surgery, in terms of the underlying ethical principles involved in the economic decision-making process, using the example of pelvic floor procedures. (BMC)

Biomedical Microdevices (Volume 12, Number 4, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “What We Know and Don’t Know About the Bioeffects of Nanoparticles: Developing Experimental Approaches for Safety Assessment” by Mel E. Stratmeyer, Peter L. Goering, Victoria M. Hitchins and Thomas H. Umbreit, 569-573.
• “Nanotechnology for Regenerative Medicine” by Dongwoo Khang, Joseph Carpenter, Young Wook Chun, Rajesh Pareta and Thomas J. Webster, 589-596.
• “Combinatorial Targeting and Nanotechnology Applications” by Glauco R. Souza, Fernanda I. Staquicini, Dawn R. Christianson, Michael G. Ozawa and J. Houston Miller, et al., 597-606.
• “Compressed Collagen Gel as the Scaffold for Skin Engineering” by Kuikui Hu, Hui Shi, Ji Zhu, Dan Deng and Guangdong Zhou, et al., 627-635.
• “Sustained Release of Insulin Through Skin by Intradermal Microdelivery System” by Yan Wu, Yunhua Gao, Guangjiong Qin, Suohui Zhang and Yuqin Qiu, et al., 665-671.
• “Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds for Heterogeneous Tissue Engineering” by Li-Hsin Han, Shalu Suri, Christine E. Schmidt and Shaochen Chen, 721-725.

NEJM (Volume 363, Number 2, July 8, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “The SGR for Physician Payment - An Indispensable Abomination” by H.J. Aaron.
• “Implementing Health Care Reform - Why Medicare Matters” by R.A. Berenson, 101-103.
• “The Independent Payment Advisory Board” by T.S. Jost, 103-105.
• “Identifying and Eliminating the Roadblocks to Comparative-Effectiveness Research” by D.F. Martin, M.G. Maguire, and S.L. Fine, 105-107.
• “Limbal Stem-Cell Therapy and Long-Term Corneal Regeneration” by P. Rama and Others, 147-155.
• “Genomic Medicine: Genomewide Association Studies and Assessment of the Risk of Disease” by T.A. Manollo, 166-176.
• “Toward More Uniform Conflict Disclosures - The Updated ICMJE Conflict of Interest Reporting Form” by J.M. Drazen and Others, 188-189.
• “Individual Genomes on the Horizon” by D. Watkins and C. Gallant, 195-196.

Developing World Bioethics (Volume 10, Issue 2, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “The Future of Bioethics” by Udo Schüklenk, ii-iii.
• “Reproductive Tourism in Argentina: Clinic Accreditation and its Implications for Consumers, Health Professionals and Policy Makers” by Elsie Smith, Jason Behrmann, Carolina Martin, and Bryn Williams-Jones, 59-69.
• “Curriculum Guide for Research Ethics Workshops for Countries in the Middle East” by Henry Silverman, Babiker Ahmed, Samar Ajeilet, Sumaia Al-Fadil, Suhail Al-Amad, Hadir El-Dessouky, Ibrahim El-Gendy, Mohamed El-Guindi, Mustafa El-Nimeiri, Rana Muzaffar, and Azza Saleh, 70-77.
• “Access to Treatment in HIV Prevention Trials: Perspectives from a South African Community” by Nicola Barsdorf, Suzanne Maman, Nancy Kass, and Catherine Slack, 78-87.
• “Training Needs Assessment in Research Ethics Evaluation Among Research Ethics Committee Members in Three African Countries: Cameroon, Mali, and Tanzania” by Jêrôme Ateudjieu, John Willians, Marie Hirtle, Cédric Baume, Joyce Ikingura, Alassane Niaré, and Dominique Sprumont, 88-98.
• “From Medical Rationing to Rationalizing the Use of Human Resources for AIDS Care and Treatment in Africa: A Case for Task Shifting” by Jessica Price and Agnes Binagwaho, 99-103.
• “You Can Use My Name; You Don’t Have to Steal My Story - A Critique of Anonymity in Indigenous Studies” by Anna-Lydia Svalastog and Stefan Eriksson, 104-110.

Book Reviews Include:

• “Bioethics and Armed Conflict: Moral Dilemmas of Medicine and War - By Michael L. Gross” by Deanne-Peter Baker, 113.
• “When Experiments Travel: Clinical Trials and the Global Search for Human Subjects - By Adriana Petryna” by Stuart Rennie, 114-115.

NEJM (Volume 363, Number 3, July 15, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “Facing the Wild West of Health Care Reform - Donal Berwick, Pioneer” by J.K. Iglehart.
• “Disclosing Industry Relationships - Toward an Improved Federal Research Policy” by E.G. Campbell and D.E. Zinner.
• “The Renaissance in HIV Vaccine Development - Future Directions” by W.C. Koff and S.F. Berkley.
• “The Havasupai Indian Tribe Case - Lessons for Research Involving Stored Biologic Samples” by M.M. Mello and L.E. Wolf, 204-207.
• “Becoming a Physician: The Case for Primary Care - A Medical Student’s Perspective” by I. Ganguli, 207-209.
• “Case 21-2010L A Request for Retrieval of Oocytes from a 36-Year-Old Woman with Anoxic Brain Injury” by D.M. Greer, A.K. Styer, T.L. Toth, C.P. Kindregan, and J.M. Romero, 27-283.
• “Drug Management of Obesity - Efficacy versus Safety” by A. Astrup, 288-290.
• “Trajectories of Disability in the Last Year of Life,” 294-295.
• “Advance Directives and Surrogate Decision Making Before Death,” 295-296.

Archives of Internal Medicine (Volume 170, Number 14, July 26, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

• “Racial Differences in Admissions to High-Quality Hospitals for Coronary Heart Disease” by Ioana Popescu,  Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Mary S. Vaughan-Sarrazin, and Peter Cram, 1209-1215.
• “Geographic Variation in Carotid Revascularization Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2003-2006″ by Manesh R. Patel, Melissa A. Greiner, Lisa D. DiMartino, Kevin A. Schulman, Pamela W. Duncan, David B. Matchar, and Lesley H. Curtis, 1218-1225.
  
• “National Quality Forum Performance Measures for HIV/AIDS Care: The Department of Veterans Affairs’ Experience” by Lisa I. Backus, Derek B. Boothroyd, Barbara R. Phillips, Pamela S. Belperio, James P. Halloran, Ronald O. Valdiserri, and Larry A. Mole, 1239-1246.
• “Receipt of High-Quality Coronary Heart Disease Care in the United States All About Being Black or White: Comment on ‘Racial Differences in Admissions to High-Quality Hospitals for Coronary Heart Disease’” by Michelle A. Albert 1216-1217.
• “The Good, the Bad, and the About-to-Get Ugly: National Trends in Carotid Revascularization: Comment on ‘Geographic Variation in Carotid Revascularization Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2003-2006″ by Ethan A. Halm, 1225-1227.
• “Physicians’ and Nurses’ Experiences With Continuous Palliative Sedation in the Netherlands” by Siebe J. Swart, Tijn Brinkkemper, Judith A. C. Rietjens, Marco H. Blanker, Lia van Zuylen, Miel Ribbe, Wouter W. A. Zuurmond, Agnes van der Heide, and Roberto S. G. M. Perez, 1271-1274.
• “Medical Decision Making at the Individual Patient Level” by Claudia Caroline Dobler and Guy Barrington Marks, 1275.
• “Time Spent on Clinical Documentation: Is Technology a Help or a Hindrance?” by Jacob A. Doll and Vineet Arora, 1276.
  

JAMA (Volume 304, Number 4, July 28, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “Reducing Diagnostic Error Through Medical Home-Based Primary Care Reform” by Hardeep Singh and Mark Graber, 463-464.
• “Medical Leadership in an Increasingly Complex World” by Robert H. Brook, 465-466.
• “Miracles, Choices, and Justice: Tragedy of the Future Commons” by David B. Reuben, 467-468.
• “Patient-Centered Care and Informed Consent” by James E. Gottesman, 409-410.
• FDA Targets Antibiotic Use in Livestock” by Bridget M. Kuehn, 396.

NEJM (Volume 363, Number 4, July 22, 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “Efficacy of Gene Therapy for X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency” by Salima Hacein-Bey-Albina and Others
• “Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Models for Long QT Syndrome” by A. Moretti and Others

Journal of Medical Ethics (Volume 36, Number 8, August 2010) is now available by subscription only.

Articles Include:

• “Acceptability of Offering Financial Incentives to Achieve Medication Adherence in Patients with Severe Mental Illness: A Focus Group Study” by Stefan Priebe, Julia Sinclair, Alexandra Burton, Stamatina Marougka, John Larsen, Mike Firn, and Richard Ashcroft
• “End-of-Life Decisions as Bedside Rationing: An Ethical Analysis of Life Support Restrictions in an Indian Neonatal Unit” by I. Miljeteig, K.A. Johansson, S.A. Sayeed, and O.F. Norheim
• “Defending Human Enhancement Technologies:Unveiling Normativity” by Immaculada de Melo-Martin
• “Normative Consent and Presumed Consent for Organ Donation: A Critique” by Michael Potts, Joseph L. Verheijde, Mohamed Y. Rady, and David W. Evans
• “Between the Needy and the Greedy: The Quest for a Just and Fair Ethics of Clinical Research” by Volnei Garrafa, Jan Helge Solbakk, Susana Vidal, and Claudio Lorenzo

NEJM (Volume 363, Number 5, July 29, 2010) is now available.

Articles Include:

• “Buying Health Care, the Individual Mandate, and the Constitution” by Sara Rosenbaum and Jonathan Gruber
• “The Renaissance in HIV Vaccine Development - Future Directions” by Wayne C. Koff and Seth F. Berkley
• “Don’t Mess with the DSMB” by Jeffrey M. Drazen and Alastair J.J. Wood

A large body of literature supports the notion that the language used in informed consent forms is not comprehensible to most research participants. Creating comprehensible informed consent forms for international research presents a further challenge because they are generally written first in English and then translated into the local language. The Kenya Medical Research National Ethical Review Committee determines readability of English consent forms before translation; however, it is neither their policy nor practice to determine whether the forms, once translated into Kiswahili, are of comparable readability to the English forms. Thus, the aim of this study is to measure and compare the text difficulty in 10 pairs of English informed consent forms and their translated Kiswahili forms. The results show that a readable English-language consent form does not necessarily result in a readable form once translated into Kiswahili. [Abstract (The Hastings Center)]

Authors such as Francis Fukuyama, the President’s Council on Bioethics, and George Annas have argued that biotechnological interventions that aim to promote genetic enhancement pose a threat to human nature. This paper clarifies what conclusions these critics seek to establish, and then shows that there is no plausible account of human nature that will meet the conditions necessary to support this position. Appeals to human nature cannot establish a prohibition against the pursuit of genetic enhancement. [Abstract (Journal of Medicine and Philosophy)]

The present paper attempts to forge a compromise between those who maintain that stem cell research is out-and-out murder of young helpless human beings and those who favor this practice. The compromise is predicated upon the libertarian theory of private property rights. Starting out with the premise that not only the fetus but even the fertilized egg is a human being, with all rights thereto, it offers a competition between those who fertilize eggs for research and those who wish to adopt them. If and only if the former win this competition will they be allowed to use these very young human beings for the purposes they have constructed them. This is justified on grounds of avoiding child abuse. [Premium (Journal of Medicine and Philosophy)]